Interwar
1921 - 1939
Interwar
1921 - 1939
The outcome of World War I turned out
very favourable to Poland. The three countries that had divided Polish territory
between themselves 123 years before lost the war, which allowed Poles to restore
their state. This happened on 11 November 1918 and the date is still
celebrated as an Independence Day. Young Poland was faced with a number
of problems, to mention only two: galloping inflation and disputes over the
borders with virtually all neighbouring countries. But the real threat came in
1920, when the successful Bolshevik offensive reached the outskirts of Warsaw.
The Bolsheviks, however, were eventually pushed back by Polish forces, which
prevented the ‘revolutionary march across Europe’, their ultimate goal. Despite
the military success, the emerging Polish democracy was rather weak and
inefficient. This induced the architect of Poland’s independence, Jozef
Pilsudski, to stage what was to be called the May Coup of 1926. As a
result of the Coup, the country’s political system turned to autocracy, which
lasted until 1939.
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